Ni irihe hame ryakazi ryo gukusanya icyerekezo cya horizontal?

Imiterere yubwubatsi nuburyo gakondo

Ubwa mbere, tekereza ibintu nk'ibi: Tuvuge ko hari uruzi runini imbere yawe, kandi umuyoboro wa sewage ugomba gushingira ku ruzi kugera muri banki itandukanye. Niba uburyo bwubaka gakondo bwo gucukura imyobo cyangwa tunnel hasi byemewe, ntibizaba birimo akazi gakomeye gusa kandi bigatwara igihe kirekire, ahubwo bitera ibyago byinshi, ariko nanone bitera ibyago bikomeye, ariko nanone byangiza bikomeye ibidukikije. Cyane cyane mumujyi wuzuye wuzuye, uburyo bwubwubatsi nabwo buzatera imbaraga zo mumodoka kandi bazana byinshi mubintu byabaturage. Noneho hari uburyo bwo kubaka bushobora kuzuza umuyoboro ushyira kandi birinde ibyo bibazo? Igisubizo ni icyerekezo cya horizontal.

Incamake

Kuryamana utambitse, uzwi kandi nka mashini imashini ya pie, ni ibikoresho byubwubatsi bigezweho bihuye nikoranabuhanga ryinshi nkimashini, hydraulics, hydraulics, amashanyarazi, no kugenzura byikora. Ihame ryayo riroroshye kandi rito. Mugutegura umwobo ufite ubunini nkubunini bwimbitse munsi yubutaka, hanyuma ukurura umuyoboro mumwobo, kurambika umuyoboro. Abakozi b'ubwubatsi bazahitamo ingingo iboneye itangiriye, mubisanzwe iri hafi yo gutangira aho umuyoboro ugomba gushingwa. Urwobo rw'ibicundo ruzashyirwaho kuruhande rwimico yo gutangira kugirango tubike ibyondo biruka mugihe cyo gucukura. Icyo cyondo kigira uruhare rukomeye muri gahunda yo gucukura. Ntishobora gukonja gusa umutonda na screw, ariko kandi witwaze ubutaka bwacukuwe nubutaka bwurutare. Igice kinini cyicyerekezo cya Horizontal ni imashini ikiziga cyangwa yaka. Irashobora guhitamo uburyo bukwiye bwo gutwara ukurikije imiterere yihariye yubwubatsi. Niba hari inkingi z'amashanyarazi, zizahuzwa n'amashanyarazi; Niba atari byo, generator igomba gukoreshwa. Imashini ya Horizontal yerekeza kuri deririyeli ifite ibikoresho bya hydraulic imbere, bishobora kubyara imbaraga zikomeye zo gukurura umuyoboro wubwoyito hamwe numuyoboro.

Gucukura

Ibiti byakozwe bidasanzwe byashyizwe kumpera yimbere yumuyoboro wikicyo. Ubwoko butandukanye nibikoresho byuruyobe bito bizatorwa ukurikije imiterere itandukanye ya mibile. Umuyoboro wa drill nigice cyingenzi cyugutwara icyerekezo cya horizontal. Ihujwe nigice cyimigozi. Impanuka zombi za buri gice cya screw zirimo gutwarwa kugirango zorohereze guhuza. Mugihe cyo gucukura, umuyoboro wurugendo uzoherezwa mugice cyigice kugeza ubujyakuzimu bwateganijwe. Urashobora kuba warabonye ingingo ya puzzling hano - umuyoboro wurupapuro uragororotse, ariko inzira yo gucukura irashobora kugabanuka. None gukonja bigoramye byagezweho gute? Mubyukuri, urufunguzo rwiki kibazo ruri mumiterere ya drill bit hamwe no kuyobora no gukoresha igikoresho. Igice cyimbere cya drill bit ntabwo agororotse rwose, ariko gifite urusaku ruto. Iyo hakenewe impinduka, umukoresha azahagarika kuzunguruka ya drill bit hanyuma agahindura icyerekezo cya drill bit muguhindura ibikorwa biyobora no gushyira igikoresho. Igikoresho cyo kuyobora hamwe nigikoresho gishobora kubona umwanya wa drill bit namakuru yubutaka mugihe nyacyo kandi wohereze ibimenyetso. Abakozi bo hasi bafata umwanditsi kandi barashobora kumenya neza uko ibintu bimeze hond harakurikiye ibimenyetso byakiriwe. Hanyuma, umukoresha akosora icyerekezo cya drill bit Muguhindura igikoresho cyo kuyobora no gushyira igikoresho ukurikije amakuru yakiriwe kugirango bikomeze inzira yagenwe. Mugihe cyo gucukura, imipaka yumuvuduko wumuvuduko wamazi azakomeza koza ubutaka n'amabuye kugirango akore ibyokurya. Muri icyo gihe, mu gitutu, icyombo gisubira ku bwinjiriro bwa pores. Icyondo cyo guswera kuri tank yo hejuru ya podiment ya pompe. Mu kigega cy'imyanya, icyo cyondo kimaze gucikamo kandi gitandukanijwe, amazi meza azasubizwa mu buryo bwongeye guhindukira kugira ngo akemure gahunda yo gukwirakwiza amazi menshi. Sisitemu ntabwo yemeza gusa iterambere ryiyongerere gusa yimikorere yo gucukura, ariko nanone igabanya neza ingaruka kubidukikije.

Gusubiramo no gusiga umuyoboro

Nyuma ya drill bit gutobora Ubutaka ku nzira iteganijwe, akazi kakurikira ni ugukurura umuyoboro mu mwobo. Mbere yibyo, gushimangira bigomba gukorwa, kuko screw ari muto cyane kandi umwobo wacukuwe ntushobora guhuza umuyoboro. Muri iki gihe, umukoresha azakuraho screw hamwe na drill bit hanyuma ayisimbuze na reamer diameter iri hafi nkiyi pipeline. Umurizo urangira wa reamer uhuza umuyoboro, kandi imitekerereze irakomeje gukururwa na mashini. Mugihe cyo gukurura, reamer izakomeza kwagura diameter ya borehole kugirango umuyoboro ushobora kurenga neza. Ariko, nkuko umuyoboro ukura kandi uburemere bwacyo bwiyongera, imbaraga zikurura imashini zonyine ntishobora kuyikuramo umwobo. Muri iki gihe, umukoresha azashyiramo pusher ya hydraulic kurundi ruhande rwumuyoboro. Iyi pusher irashobora kubyara toni zigera kuri 750 mugushimangira umuyoboro hamwe na reberi. Munsi y'ibikorwa byahujwe na pusher no gukurura imbaraga, umuyoboro urangije gutwarwa mu mwobo neza, kurangiza akazi gashira.

Umushoramari na gusaba

Umuhanga wahimbye Uwiteka icyerekezo cya horizontal ni Martin Cherrington. Yabonye guhumeka kuva mububiko bwerekana mumavuta ya peteroli mu myaka ya za 70 arabishyira mu gace k'ubutaka. Uyu wahimbye yemeye uburyo bwo kubaka icyerekezo cya horizontal, cyambutse imigezi, insinga za optique, imiyoboro itandukanye yo mu kuzimya, kandi irashobora kandi gukoreshwa mukubaka ibikorwa remezo na gari ya moshi. Isura yacyo ntabwo ikemura gusa ibibazo byinshi byazanywe nuburyo gakondo bwubwubatsi, ariko kandi bizana cyane imikorere yubwubatsi nubwiza.